关键词:
骨科
远程医疗
数字化
人工智能
机器学习
机器人技术
传感器技术
智能植入物
摘要:
物联网(IoT)、人工智能(AI)和传感器等技术和数字工具的进步正在从各个层面塑造骨科手术领域,从患者护理到研究和物流流程的便利化。尤其是2019新冠肺炎(Covid-19)大流行及其相关的接触限制,加速了远程医疗应用的开发和引入,以及传统面对面患者护理的数字替代方案。骨科手术中已经使用的数字应用包括远程医疗支持、在线视频咨询、使用可穿戴设备监测患者、智能设备、手术导航、机器人辅助手术,以及人工智能在医学图像处理、三维(3D)建模和模拟相关应用。此外,虚拟、增强和混合现实等沉浸式技术也更多应用于培训,还有康复和手术环境。因此,数字技术的进步可以提高骨科服务的可及性、效率和能力,促进更多数据驱动的个性化患者护理,加强患者的自我责任,并支持跨学科医疗保健提供者为患者提供最佳护理。Advances in technology and digital tools like the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and sensors technology are shaping the field of orthopaedic surgery on all levels, from patient care to research and facilitation of logistic processes. Especially the Covid-19 pandemic, with the associated contact restrictions was an accelerator for the development and introduction of telemedical applications and digital alternatives to classical in-person patient care. Digital applications already used in orthopaedic surgery include telemedical support, online video consultations, monitoring of patients using wearables, smart devices, surgical navigation, robotic-assisted surgery, and applications of artificial intelligence in forms of medical image processing, three-dimensional (3D)-modelling, and simulations. In addition to that immersive technologies like virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are increasingly used in training but also rehabilitative and surgical settings. Digital advances can therefore increase the accessibility, efficiency and capabilities of orthopaedic services and facilitate more data-driven, personalized patient care, strengthening the selfresponsibility of patients and supporting interdisciplinary healthcare providers to offer for the optimal care for their patients.